The Opera Troupe of the China National Opera House was founded in 1996, evolving from the China National Opera House Solo Singers Group. It brings together outstanding performing artists spanning various vocal ranges, most of whom have won major awards in domestic and international vocal competitions. The troupe has also collaborated with renowned conductors and directors from both China and abroad, performing operas and concerts of diverse genres and styles, and remains active on opera stages both in China and around the world. As a nurturing ground for vocal and operatic art in China, the Opera Troupe has served as a cradle for vocal artists, fostering the growth of many distinguished performers. Past heads of the troupe have included Huang Bochun, Lei Keyong, Huang Yuefeng, and Zhong Mingda. It is currently directed by the troupe head and celebrated soprano Ruan Yuqun, who oversees its overall operations.

Over the past half-century, through the dedication of generations of artists, the troupe—together with the theatre—has introduced Chinese audiences to dozens of Western operas, including Eugene Onegin, La Traviata, The Peddler and the Miss, Madama Butterfly, Carmen, La Serva Padrona, Gianni Schicchi, Turandot, Aida, La Bohème, Rigoletto, Otello, The Marriage of Figaro, Cavalleria Rusticana, Pagliacci, The Barber of Seville, The Tales of Hoffmann, Il Trovatore, King Roger, Die Fledermaus, Tannhäuser, Die Walküre, Fidelio, Siegfried, Götterdämmerung, Tosca, and Das Rheingold. Most of these works received their mainland Chinese premieres through these efforts. Alongside introducing Western opera, the troupe has also created and accumulated an outstanding repertoire of Chinese operas, such as The White-Haired Girl, Liu Hulan, Song of the Grassland, Ayiguli, The Flower Guardian, The Hundredth Bride, The Native Land, Marco Polo, Du Shiniang, Farewell My Concubine, The Village Schoolteacher, The 1911 Revolution, Ode to the Land of Yin, The Red Tailor, Lan Hui of Beichuan, My Mother Is Called Taihang, and The Red Army Fears Not the Trials of the Long March.

The troupe's performances have taken place across China and around the world—including in Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Adhering to its international and open development principles, the Opera Troupe of the China National Opera House continues to strive for a place among the world’s finest opera institutions.